SC October 2024: The Lawyers’ Post Conspectus

The Lawyers’ Post Conspectus for October 2024, where we compile and analyze the month’s most significant judgments from the Supreme Court of India. This edition brings insights into landmark decisions shaping the landscape of Indian law. From co-tenancy and property disputes to criminal justice and procedural standards, these rulings emphasize the judicial standards that underpin India’s legal framework. This curated collection aims to support legal professionals, law students, and individuals interested in the implications of these high-stakes cases.

1. Nisar Ahmad & Ors. v. Sami Ullah (Dead) Through LRs. & Anr. – Supreme Court Resolves Co-Tenancy Dispute in Consolidation Proceedings
   In Nisar Ahmad & Ors. v. Sami Ullah (Dead) Through LRs. & Anr., the Supreme Court upheld the High Court’s decision on co-tenancy rights under the Uttar Pradesh Consolidation of Holdings Act, 1953. The Court ruled that principles of Hindu law should not apply to Muslim parties, affirming the appellants’ limited share in specific plots. This judgment emphasizes adherence to religious law in determining inheritance rights in property consolidation disputes.
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2. State of U.P. & Ors. v. M/S Lalta Prasad Vaish and Sons – Supreme Court Defines State vs. Central Power over Alcohol Industry
   In State of U.P. & Ors. v. M/S Lalta Prasad Vaish and Sons, the Supreme Court examined the legislative scope over the alcohol industry under the Seventh Schedule. The Court distinguished between potable and non-potable alcohol, affirming that states may regulate alcohol for human consumption, but industrial alcohol falls under central control. This decision reinforces the bifurcation of state and central regulatory powers in alcohol production and taxation.
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3. IDBI Bank Ltd. v. Ramswaroop Daliya and Ors. – Supreme Court Clarifies Auction Procedure Compliance for E-Auctioned Property
   In IDBI Bank Ltd. v. Ramswaroop Daliya and Ors., the Supreme Court held that a bank cannot unilaterally cancel a confirmed auction if the highest bidder is ready to pay the balance within the statutory period. The judgment reinforces that procedural compliance is mandatory for property sales under the SARFAESI Act, providing clearer directions for handling e-auctioned properties.
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4. Joginder Singh (Dead) Through LRs v. Dr. Virinderjit Singh Gill (Dead) Through LRs & Ors. – Execution Rights of Decrees in Partition Suits Reaffirmed
   The Supreme Court in Joginder Singh (Dead) Through LRs v. Dr. Virinderjit Singh Gill (Dead) Through LRs & Ors.upheld the final decree in a longstanding partition suit, clarifying procedural standards for possession warrants and execution rights. The judgment emphasizes the enforceability of decrees to ensure rightful possession in partition matters.
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5. Central Bureau of Investigation v. Ashok Sirpal – Strict Enforcement of Financial Penalties on Convicted Officials
   In Central Bureau of Investigation v. Ashok Sirpal, the Supreme Court emphasized the importance of compliance with penalty orders in corruption cases, requiring convicted officials to pay fines promptly. The Court ruled that delay in financial penalties cannot result in leniency, reinforcing accountability under the Prevention of Corruption Act.
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6. N. Thajudeen v. Tamil Nadu Khadi and Village Industries Board – Supreme Court Upholds Irrevocability of Registered Gift Deeds
   In N. Thajudeen v. Tamil Nadu Khadi and Village Industries Board, the Supreme Court confirmed that a registered gift deed is irrevocable in the absence of a reserved right to revoke. This decision underlines the finality of gift deeds once accepted and clarifies property transfer laws under gift provisions.
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7. Sandeep v. State of Uttarakhand – Supreme Court Reaffirms Conviction in Murder Case Based on Eyewitness Accounts
   In Sandeep v. State of Uttarakhand, the Supreme Court upheld the conviction of an accused in a murder case, emphasizing the reliability of consistent eyewitness testimony. This judgment reinforces the evidentiary value of direct witness accounts in criminal cases involving homicide.
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8. S.P. Pandey v. Union of India & Ors. – Supreme Court Awards Compensation for Wrongful Admonition in Military Case
   In S.P. Pandey v. Union of India & Ors., the Supreme Court awarded compensation to a military officer after overturning an unjustified admonition. The Court recognized wrongful penalties impacting reputation, setting a precedent for redress in military disciplinary actions.
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9. Renjith K.G. & Others v. Sheeba – Supreme Court Clarifies Rights in Ancestral Property Disputes Involving Successive Mortgages
   In Renjith K.G. & Others v. Sheeba, the Supreme Court addressed a complex ancestral property dispute involving multiple mortgages and succession claims. The Court ruled on procedural integrity in executing final decrees, clarifying execution standards in ancestral property cases with complex title issues.
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10. K. Bharthi Devi and Anr. v. State of Telangana & Anr. – Criminal Charges Remain Despite Bank Settlement in Fraud Case
    In K. Bharthi Devi and Anr. v. State of Telangana & Anr., the Supreme Court upheld criminal proceedings despite a one-time settlement with the bank in a fraud case involving forged documents. This judgment reinforces that private settlements do not absolve criminal liability in cases involving public institutions.
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11. Vimalakka Ramappa Koli @ Talwar v. The State of Karnataka – Supreme Court Affirms Conviction for Fraudulently Obtaining Caste Certificate
    In Vimalakka Ramappa Koli @ Talwar v. The State of Karnataka, the Supreme Court upheld the conviction of an individual who falsely obtained a Scheduled Caste certificate to secure government benefits. The judgment reinforces the strict legal stance against misuse of caste certificates, especially under IPC Sections 196, 198, and 420.
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12. K.C. Kaushik and Others v. State of Haryana & Ors. – Supreme Court Limits Pension Revision Claims of Retired Private College Lecturers
    In K.C. Kaushik and Others v. State of Haryana & Ors., the Supreme Court ruled that retired private college lecturers are not automatically entitled to the same revised pension as government college counterparts. This judgment underscores the state’s discretion in pension adjustments for aided institutions versus government institutions.
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13. M/s Shriram Investments v. Commissioner of Income Tax III – Supreme Court Addresses Time-Bound Filing of Revised Income Tax Returns
    In M/s Shriram Investments v. Commissioner of Income Tax III, the Supreme Court held that a revised income tax return filed beyond the statutory period is barred from consideration. This decision affirms the necessity for timely filing under Section 139(5) of the IT Act, impacting future claims of deferred deductions or revenue adjustments.
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14. Solar Energy Corporation of India Limited v. Wind Four Renergy Pvt. Ltd. & Ors. – SC Clarifies Timeline Extensions in Renewable Energy Project Delays
    In Solar Energy Corporation of India Limited v. Wind Four Renergy Pvt. Ltd. & Ors., the Supreme Court upheld a project’s extension period for missed milestones due to delays in transmission access, emphasizing adherence to government guidelines on renewable energy deadlines. This judgment impacts contractual obligations in energy projects.
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15. Central Warehousing Corporation & Anr. v. M/s Sidhartha Tiles & Sanitary Pvt. Ltd. – SC Supports Arbitration in Disputes Despite Public Premises Act
    In Central Warehousing Corporation & Anr. v. M/s Sidhartha Tiles & Sanitary Pvt. Ltd., the Supreme Court upheld that the Arbitration and Conciliation Act overrides the Public Premises Act when a valid arbitration agreement exists. This decision clarifies jurisdictional precedence, emphasizing arbitration for resolving commercial lease disputes.
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16. Shashi Bhushan Prasad Singh v. The State of Bihar & Ors. – Supreme Court Upholds AICTE’s Role in Recognizing Engineering Diplomas
    In Shashi Bhushan Prasad Singh v. The State of Bihar & Ors., the Supreme Court upheld the dismissal of candidates with unapproved engineering diplomas, affirming AICTE’s role in setting minimum standards for technical education. This judgment strengthens AICTE’s authority over state recruitment criteria for technical positions.
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17. Yashodeep Bisanrao Vadode v. The State of Maharashtra & Anr. – SC Reduces Sentence for Dowry-Related Conviction
    In Yashodeep Bisanrao Vadode v. The State of Maharashtra & Anr., the Supreme Court modified the sentence of a dowry harassment conviction under Section 498-A IPC. This ruling highlights judicial discretion in dowry-related cases, particularly where mitigating factors are found post-conviction.
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18. Union of India & Ors. v. Rajeev Bansal – SC Clarifies Extended Promotion Benefits for Ex-Servicemen in Civil Posts
    In Union of India & Ors. v. Rajeev Bansal, the Supreme Court ruled that ex-servicemen are not automatically entitled to enhanced promotion benefits in civil service. This decision defines boundaries for the extension of armed forces’ benefits to civilian employment, affecting career advancements for ex-servicemen in government roles.
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19. Manish Kumar Rai v. Union of India & Ors. – SC Upholds Pay Scale Distinctions in Armed Forces Technical and Non-Technical Cadres
    In Manish Kumar Rai v. Union of India & Ors., the Supreme Court affirmed the distinction in pay scales between technical and non-technical personnel within the Indian Navy. This judgment reinforces structured pay scale classifications in defense services, particularly under the recommendations of the 6th Pay Commission.
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20. Vijay Singh @ Vijay Kr. Sharma v. The State of Bihar – Supreme Court Confirms Life Sentence in Abduction and Murder Case
    In Vijay Singh @ Vijay Kr. Sharma v. The State of Bihar, the Supreme Court confirmed the life sentences of multiple accused involved in a case of abduction and murder. The judgment underscores the evidentiary standards required to uphold convictions in serious criminal cases involving conspiracy and assault.
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21. Mafabhai Motibhai Sagar v. State of Gujarat & Ors. – SC Examines Conditions Imposed on Remission of Life Sentences
    In Mafabhai Motibhai Sagar v. State of Gujarat & Ors., the Supreme Court reviewed the conditions placed on the remission of a life sentence under Section 432 of the CrPC. The Court clarified that such conditions must be reasonable and justifiable, emphasizing the need for objective assessment when granting remission to ensure fair treatment of convicts under law.
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22. Uma & Anr. v. The State Rep. by Deputy Superintendent of Police – SC Upholds Conviction in Conspiracy to Murder Case
    In Uma & Anr. v. The State Rep. by Deputy Superintendent of Police, the Supreme Court upheld the life sentences for individuals involved in a conspiracy to murder. This judgment reinforces the reliability of circumstantial evidence and witness testimonies in sustaining convictions in criminal conspiracy cases.
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23. Airports Economic Regulatory Authority of India v. Delhi International Airport Ltd. & Ors. – SC Rules on Regulatory Body’s Right to Appeal in Tariff Disputes
    In Airports Economic Regulatory Authority of India v. Delhi International Airport Ltd. & Ors., the Supreme Court clarified that regulatory bodies with adjudicatory functions cannot appeal against their own orders. The judgment defines the limitations on quasi-judicial authorities, especially concerning the scope of their legal standing in appeal proceedings.
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24. In Re: Section 6A of the Citizenship Act 1955 – SC Upholds Special Provisions for Citizenship for Migrants in Assam
    In In Re: Section 6A of the Citizenship Act 1955, the Supreme Court validated Section 6A, which provides citizenship to specified classes of migrants from Bangladesh to Assam, ruling it does not violate Articles 14, 29, or 355. This judgment confirms Parliament’s authority in addressing regional citizenship requirements under the Assam Accord framework.
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25. Somjeet Mallick v. State of Jharkhand & Others – SC Overturns High Court’s Quashing of Criminal Proceedings in Contract Dispute
    In Somjeet Mallick v. State of Jharkhand & Others, the Supreme Court reinstated criminal proceedings dismissed by the High Court in a contract-based fraud allegation. The judgment clarifies the permissible scope of quashing orders under Section 482 of the CrPC, emphasizing that contractual disputes involving fraud may still justify criminal proceedings.
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26. The State of Madhya Pradesh v. Ramjan Khan & Ors. – SC Upholds Conviction Reversal in Murder Case Due to Weak Eyewitness Testimony
    In The State of Madhya Pradesh v. Ramjan Khan & Ors., the Supreme Court upheld the High Court’s acquittal of murder charges, citing inconsistencies in eyewitness testimony. This ruling underscores the need for corroborated evidence in serious criminal cases and upholds stringent standards for conviction.
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27. Suhas Chakma v. Union of India & Ors. – SC Directs Implementation of Legal Aid and Prison Reforms
    In Suhas Chakma v. Union of India & Ors., the Supreme Court emphasized the state’s responsibility to ensure humane treatment and access to legal aid for prisoners. The judgment directs compliance with Article 39-A and calls for structured legal aid to undertrial prisoners to protect their constitutional rights.
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28. Bank of Rajasthan Ltd. v. Commissioner of Income Tax – SC Disallows Deduction of Broken Period Interest in Banking Securities
    In Bank of Rajasthan Ltd. v. Commissioner of Income Tax, the Supreme Court held that broken period interest cannot be claimed as a tax deduction under the IT Act, clarifying the accounting treatment of interest income from securities in banks. This judgment impacts tax deductions related to banking investments.
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29. The Patna Municipal Corporation & Ors. v. M/S Tribro Ad Bureau & Ors. – SC Rules Municipal Ad Tax Invalid Without Legislative Approval
    In The Patna Municipal Corporation & Ors. v. M/S Tribro Ad Bureau & Ors., the Supreme Court ruled that ad taxes imposed by municipal bodies without legislative approval violate Article 265 of the Constitution. The Court mandated the refund of unauthorized tax collections, reinforcing that taxation authority must be based in law.
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30. Haryana Urban Development Authority v. Abhishek Gupta etc. – SC Upholds High Court Order to Quash Land Acquisition Due to Improper Objection Handling
    In Haryana Urban Development Authority v. Abhishek Gupta etc., the Supreme Court upheld the High Court’s decision to quash land acquisition orders, citing improper rejection of landowner objections under Section 5A of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894. This decision highlights procedural rights of landowners in acquisition processes.
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31. Union of India v. Pranav Srinivasan – SC Denies Citizenship Resumption for Singapore-Born Applicant with Indian Origin
    In Union of India v. Pranav Srinivasan, the Supreme Court denied citizenship resumption under Section 8(2) of the Citizenship Act, 1955, to a Singapore-born applicant of Indian descent, asserting the strict application of eligibility requirements. The Court concluded that descent alone does not grant citizenship rights, and applications filed beyond statutory limits are not eligible for resumption.
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32. Shingara Singh v. Daljit Singh & Anr. – SC Affirms Specific Performance in Property Sale Agreement under Doctrine of Lis Pendens
    In Shingara Singh v. Daljit Singh & Anr., the Supreme Court upheld the High Court’s decision to enforce a property sale agreement despite subsequent transfers. The Court ruled that the sale was void under the doctrine of lis pendens, establishing that prior agreements take precedence over later transactions for property transfer.
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33. Commissioner of GST and Central Excise v. M/S Citibank N.A. – SC Rules Against Double Taxation on Credit Card Interchange Fees
    In Commissioner of GST and Central Excise v. M/S Citibank N.A., the Supreme Court held that the Merchant Discount Rate (MDR), inclusive of the interchange fee, should be taxed only once. This decision underscores that double taxation on MDR components is not permissible, aligning with the Finance Act’s intent to streamline tax on consolidated fees.
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34. Central Bureau of Investigation v. Srinivas D. Sridhar – SC Reinstates Fraud Charges Against Bank Executives in Loan Disbursal Case
    In Central Bureau of Investigation v. Srinivas D. Sridhar, the Supreme Court reversed the High Court’s dismissal of charges against senior bank executives accused of loan fraud. The ruling reiterates the sufficiency of strong suspicion for framing charges under the Prevention of Corruption Act, without requiring direct pecuniary benefit.
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35. Harshad Gupta v. State of Chhattisgarh – SC Dismisses Appeal on Retrial for Conviction in Sexual Assault Case
    In Harshad Gupta v. State of Chhattisgarh, the Supreme Court upheld the High Court’s denial to reopen conviction proceedings despite a judicial transfer. The Court clarified that the incoming judge is not mandated to rehear conviction arguments and should only address sentencing unless procedural issues warrant retrial.
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36. D.C. Malviya v. Dr. A.H. Memon – SC Upholds Medical Negligence Compensation with Reduced Damages
    In D.C. Malviya v. Dr. A.H. Memon, the Supreme Court upheld partial compensation awarded to a patient’s family for alleged medical negligence. The Court reduced the damages while confirming the doctor’s liability for failure to transfer a critically ill patient to a facility with appropriate life-support equipment.
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37. HDFC Bank Ltd. v. The State of Bihar & Ors. – SC Quashes FIR Against Bank Officials for Locker Operation Violation
    In HDFC Bank Ltd. v. The State of Bihar & Ors., the Supreme Court quashed the FIR against bank officials accused of unauthorized locker access. The Court ruled that unintentional errors without mens rea in compliance with an income tax order do not constitute criminal liability, particularly where procedural lapses are rectified.
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38. Vidyasagar Prasad v. UCO Bank & Anr. – SC Affirms Bank’s Right to Initiate CIRP Despite Limitation Challenge
    In Vidyasagar Prasad v. UCO Bank & Anr., the Supreme Court upheld the bank’s right to commence Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process under Section 7 of the IBC, dismissing the debtor’s claims of expired limitation. The judgment emphasizes that acknowledged debt in financial statements refreshes limitation for CIRP actions.
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39. Lenin Kumar Ray v. M/s. Express Publications (Madurai) Ltd. – SC Affirms Classification of Technical Employee as Workman Under ID Act
    In Lenin Kumar Ray v. M/s. Express Publications (Madurai) Ltd., the Supreme Court upheld that an assistant engineer qualifies as a “workman” under the Industrial Disputes Act. This decision reinforces that duties, not title, determine employment classification, and reinstatement without back pay is permissible for wrongful termination.
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40. Asim Akhtar v. The State of West Bengal & Anr. – SC Overturns Remand for Section 319 Application in Criminal Trial
    In Asim Akhtar v. The State of West Bengal & Anr., the Supreme Court held that remand for an application under Section 319 of the CrPC should not precede witness cross-examination completion. This ruling clarifies procedural sequence in criminal trials, emphasizing timely application adjudication to avoid undue delays.
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41. Ratilal Jhaverbhai Parmar and Ors. v. State of Gujarat & Ors. – SC Criticizes Delays and Bias in High Court Decisions
    In Ratilal Jhaverbhai Parmar and Ors. v. State of Gujarat & Ors., the Supreme Court addressed issues regarding delays in delivering judgments and biased conduct by the High Court. Citing prior cases, the Court underscored that delays and partiality in judicial proceedings compromise the justice system’s integrity and violate Article 21 of the Constitution, which guarantees timely justice.
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42. Banshidhar Construction Pvt. Ltd. v. Bharat Coking Coal Limited & Ors. – SC Enforces Strict Compliance with Tender Document Requirements
    In Banshidhar Construction Pvt. Ltd. v. Bharat Coking Coal Limited & Ors., the Supreme Court overturned the acceptance of a bid lacking mandatory documents. The ruling emphasizes the need for equal treatment in public tenders and strict adherence to eligibility criteria without discretionary relaxation, ensuring fairness in government procurement.
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43. Neelam Gupta & Ors. v. Rajendra Kumar Gupta & Anr. – SC Upholds Rightful Ownership Despite Adverse Possession Claims
    In Neelam Gupta & Ors. v. Rajendra Kumar Gupta & Anr., the Supreme Court ruled against claims of adverse possession, affirming that property ownership based on valid title deeds prevails unless continuous, hostile possession is proven. The judgment highlights strict requirements for adverse possession claims and the importance of clear property records.
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44. Union of India & Anr. v. M/s Ganpati Dealcom Pvt Ltd – SC Reverses Benami Law Decision, Limits Retroactive Confiscations
    In Union of India & Anr. v. M/s Ganpati Dealcom Pvt Ltd, the Supreme Court reviewed its earlier decision on the Benami Transactions Act, restricting confiscation actions to prospective application post-2016 amendment. This judgment reaffirms that punitive laws cannot apply retroactively, safeguarding rights under Article 20(1).
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45. Rama Devi v. State of Bihar & Others – SC Overturns Acquittal in MLA’s Murder, Cites Strong Eyewitness Testimony
    In Rama Devi v. State of Bihar & Others, the Supreme Court set aside the High Court’s acquittal of nine individuals in the murder of an MLA and his bodyguard, emphasizing the reliability of multiple eyewitness testimonies. The judgment reinforces the evidentiary value of direct witness accounts in serious criminal cases.
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46. Ramratan @ Ramswaroop & Anr. v. The State of Madhya Pradesh – SC Criticizes Bail Condition Imposing Property Handover Requirement
    In Ramratan @ Ramswaroop & Anr. v. The State of Madhya Pradesh, the Supreme Court criticized the High Court’s imposition of a bail condition requiring property possession handover to the complainant. This judgment clarifies that bail conditions must not enforce civil rights or compel property restitution, which should be separately adjudicated.
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47. GLAS Trust Company LLC v. Byju Raveendran & Ors. – SC Affirms Creditor Rights in IBC Proceedings Amid Global Asset Dispute
    In GLAS Trust Company LLC v. Byju Raveendran & Ors., the Supreme Court addressed asset recovery complexities, upholding creditor rights in insolvency proceedings under the IBC despite concurrent overseas litigations. The decision underscores Indian courts’ deference to domestic insolvency rules while recognizing global asset obligations.
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48. Neeraj Sud and Anr. v. Jaswinder Singh (Minor) and Anr. – SC Upholds Medical Negligence Liability with Reduced Compensation
    In Neeraj Sud and Anr. v. Jaswinder Singh (Minor) and Anr., the Supreme Court upheld liability for medical negligence while slightly reducing the compensation awarded. The ruling emphasizes accountability in medical procedures and proportionate damages based on severity and circumstances of the alleged negligence.
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49. Society for Enlightenment and Voluntary Action & Anr. v. Union of India & Ors. – SC Calls for Stringent Measures to Combat Child Marriage
    In Society for Enlightenment and Voluntary Action & Anr. v. Union of India & Ors., the Supreme Court directed enhanced enforcement of child marriage prevention laws, emphasizing the role of Child Marriage Prohibition Officers and community awareness. The judgment outlines government obligations to protect minors from forced marriages under existing laws.
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50. Chandramani Nanda v. Sarat Chandra Swain and Another – SC Increases Compensation for Motor Accident Victim Based on Severe Disabilities
    In Chandramani Nanda v. Sarat Chandra Swain and Another, the Supreme Court awarded enhanced compensation to a motor accident victim who sustained life-altering injuries. The decision affirms the importance of fair compensation under motor accident claims, especially when severe disability impacts the quality of life.
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51. Sajeena Ikhbal & Ors. v. Mini Babu George & Ors. – SC Reinstates Dismissed Claim on Motor Accident Compensation
    In Sajeena Ikhbal & Ors. v. Mini Babu George & Ors., the Supreme Court overturned the High Court’s dismissal of a motor accident claim, acknowledging significant evidence supporting the appellants. The Court directed payment of compensation to the deceased’s family, stressing that conjecture should not override substantive evidence in negligence claims.
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52. Chief Commissioner of Central Goods and Service Tax v. M/s Safari Retreats Private Ltd. – SC Upholds Restrictions on ITC for Real Estate Construction
    In Chief Commissioner of Central Goods and Service Tax v. M/s Safari Retreats Private Ltd., the Supreme Court upheld Section 17(5)(d) of the CGST Act, which restricts Input Tax Credit (ITC) on goods and services used in real estate construction. The ruling asserts that businesses constructing properties for rental cannot claim ITC, preserving tax system objectives on non-transferrable assets.
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53. Saroj & Ors. v. IFFCO-TOKIO General Insurance Co. & Ors. – SC Corrects High Court’s Reduction in Motor Accident Compensation
    In Saroj & Ors. v. IFFCO-TOKIO General Insurance Co. & Ors., the Supreme Court reinstated the full compensation originally awarded by the MACT, reversing the High Court’s reduction. The judgment emphasizes that appellate courts should respect lower court findings unless errors or legal misapplications are evident.
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54. Khalsa University v. The State of Punjab – SC Dismisses University’s Challenge to Repeal Act, Affirms State’s Authority
    In Khalsa University v. The State of Punjab, the Supreme Court upheld the validity of The Khalsa University (Repeal) Act, 2017, concluding that the State acted within its rights to protect heritage concerns associated with Khalsa College. This decision affirms legislative discretion in modifying or repealing statutes for public interest considerations.
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55. Lalu Yadav v. The State of Uttar Pradesh & Ors. – SC Upholds Rape Conviction and Validity of FIR Under Article 226
    In Lalu Yadav v. The State of Uttar Pradesh & Ors., the Supreme Court declined to quash an FIR for rape and forced abortion, asserting the High Court’s jurisdiction to uphold criminal proceedings under Article 226. The judgment reinforces the High Court’s oversight in serious criminal cases where sufficient grounds exist.
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56. Omkar Ramchandra Gond v. The Union of India & Ors. – SC Allows Disabled NEET Candidate to Proceed with Medical Studies
    In Omkar Ramchandra Gond v. The Union of India & Ors., the Supreme Court permitted a candidate with a speech disability exceeding 40% to join an MBBS course, following a medical board’s opinion that the impairment would not interfere with studies. This ruling underscores the judiciary’s commitment to equitable education opportunities for disabled students.
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57. Sapna Negi v. Chaman Singh and Another – SC Dissolves Marriage Based on Irretrievable Breakdown
    In Sapna Negi v. Chaman Singh and Another, the Supreme Court dissolved the marriage under Article 142 due to irretrievable breakdown after years of non-cohabitation and failed mediation. This decision reinforces the Court’s authority to end marriages that serve no purpose for either party’s well-being.
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58. Vitthal Damuji Meher v. Manik Madhukar Sarve & Ors. – SC Rejects Review Petition on Bail Denial for Serious Crime
    In Vitthal Damuji Meher v. Manik Madhukar Sarve & Ors., the Supreme Court dismissed a review petition challenging the denial of bail, emphasizing that the seriousness of the charges and specific case circumstances justified the lower courts’ discretion. This judgment upholds strict review standards for high-risk offenders.
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59. Eknath Kisan Kumbharkar v. State of Maharashtra – SC Affirms Death Penalty in Patricide Case Due to Grave Offense and Evidence
    In Eknath Kisan Kumbharkar v. State of Maharashtra, the Supreme Court upheld the death sentence for a man convicted of murdering his pregnant daughter, citing the heinous nature of the offense and overwhelming evidence. This decision underscores the Court’s application of the rarest of rare doctrine in capital punishment.
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60. Salil R. Uchil v. Vishu Kumar & Ors. – SC Enforces Auction Rules, Dismisses Borrowers’ Attempt to Nullify Foreclosure
    In Salil R. Uchil v. Vishu Kumar & Ors., the Supreme Court upheld the foreclosure and subsequent property auction, ruling against the borrowers’ petition to set aside the sale despite partial repayment. The decision emphasizes the finality of auction proceedings under Co-operative Societies rules when due process is followed.
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61. Horrmal (Deceased) through his LRs and others v. State of Haryana and Others – SC Rules on Multiple Civil Appeals in Land Dispute Settlement
    In Horrmal (Deceased) through his LRs and others v. State of Haryana and Others, the Supreme Court resolved various civil appeals involving land dispute settlements. The ruling underscores the Court’s approach to procedural consistency in civil matters involving inherited property rights, aligning with previous rulings on equitable resolution for appellants.
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62. Tarina Sen v. Union of India & Anr. – SC Denies Quashing of Criminal Proceedings in Loan Fraud Case
    In Tarina Sen v. Union of India & Anr., the Supreme Court upheld the continuation of criminal proceedings against the appellants in a bank loan fraud case. The Court dismissed the appeal under Section 482 CrPC, allowing trial courts to address pleas for procedural issues without quashing FIRs when fraud allegations meet evidentiary standards.
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63. Vishwajeet Kerba Masalkar v. State of Maharashtra – SC Confirms Death Penalty in Familicide Case
    In Vishwajeet Kerba Masalkar v. State of Maharashtra, the Supreme Court confirmed the death penalty for the appellant convicted of murdering his family members. The judgment highlights the application of the “rarest of rare” doctrine in capital punishment cases, emphasizing the evidentiary standards upheld by the High Court and trial court.
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64. Shyam Narayan Ram v. State of U.P. & Anr. – SC Orders Retrial in Murder Case due to Procedural Flaws
    In Shyam Narayan Ram v. State of U.P. & Anr., the Supreme Court ordered a retrial from the evidence stage, highlighting the accused’s right to a fair trial. The decision mandates day-to-day hearings and outlines strict procedural safeguards for witness cross-examination to avoid miscarriage of justice.
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65. Sukanya Shantha v. Union of India & Ors. – SC Calls for Elimination of Caste-Based Discrimination in Prisons
    In Sukanya Shantha v. Union of India & Ors., the Supreme Court ordered State governments to remove caste-based discriminatory provisions in prison manuals, including labor division and segregated barracks. The judgment reinforces Articles 14, 15, 17, and 21 of the Constitution, mandating prison reforms to ensure equality and dignity for all inmates.
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